Materials Identification Guide

California Lithic Material

 











Name Natural Non-heat treated points Heat treated points Color details                    Primary found in: Associated             Formation / Member
Afton Canyon Agate
AKA: Barstow Desert Coral Chalcedony
  shades of white, red, and yellow.  Jasp-agate also occurs Southern California  
Afton Canyon Jasper   Includes jasper red and yellow. Southern California  
Agate Jasper
Generic Type
  Ranges from yellow to brown or green.  Part if the material will be banded and be translucent while the remaining material will be mottled and opaque. Western North America  
Alaska Canyon Obsidian   Black with phenocrysts and inclusions present. Northeastern California  
Alvord Mountains Jasper / Agate / Palm Wood     Southern California  
Amboy Crater Jasper     Southern California  
Anderson Dam Plume Agate
AKA: Peanut Jasper
  Colors of red, white, blue, and yellow with plumes. West central Coalifornia  
Andesite
Generic Type
    North America Varies
Annadel Obsidian   Ranges from a grayish black to a brownish black or black.  Banding is commonly present and rarely reddish brown streaking may occur. West central California Lower member of the Sonoma Volcanics.
Antioch Petrified Wood   Colors of a dark cream to dark brown and black with a white cortex. West central California  
Argillite
(Generic type)
  Light to dark green, but may range to various shades of gray North America  
Ash Hill Carnelian   Ranges from a light orangish pink to a dark orange. Southern California  
Backbone Ridge Obsidian
AKA: Seaman Gulch, South Forest Camp
(Tuscan Volcanics)
  Black with reddish brown streaking and patches and lighter bands of translucent gray or clear present (mahogany obsidian). Northern California Tuscan Volcanics
Bald Peak Basalt   Dark gray color with a light brownish gray cortex West central California  
Baird Chert Light gray Northern California Baird Limestone Formation
Basalt   Ranges from black to gray Western North America  
Bear Mountain Jasper     Central California  
Bees Wax Chert   Ranges from a white gray to a yellow brown West central California  
Berkeley Agate   Ranges from a light grayish white to a dark bluish gray West central California  
Big River Rainbow Jasper   Multi-colored banded jasper Southeastern California  
Black Mountain Basalt   Occurs as both vesicular and compact olivine basalt Southern California  
Blue Chert Ranges from blue to greenish blue with white veins commonly present. Northwestern California  
Blue Canyon Quartzite   Dark gray color Northeastern California Blue Canyon Formation
Blue Ice Moss Agate   Clear blue or blue matrix with dendritic inclusions. Southern California  
Blue Mountain Obsidian
AKA: Steel (Steele) Swamp Obsidian
  Greenish black color Northeastern California  
Blue Springs Obsidian
AKA: Sugar Hill Switchback Obsidian
  Black Northeastern California  
Bodie Hills Obsidian
AKA: Grove Hill Obsidian
  Ranges from black to almost clear. East central California  
Borax Lake Obsidian   Ranges from a dark grayish black to a gray with a "frothy" appearance due to gas voids commonly present. Northwestern California Clear Lake Volcanics
Boron Dry Lake Jasper
AKA: Boron Dry Lake Petrified Wood
    Southern California  
Bouquet Jasper   Mottled jasper with colors of red, brown, yellow, and green. West central California  
Bristol Mountains Obsidian
AKA: Amboy Crater, Bagdad Obsidian
  Gray with banding commonly present.  The cortex is a reddish brown. Southern California  
Buck Mountain Obsidian
AKA: Nelson Quarry, North Fork, Tick Rise Obsidian
  Ranges from a medium gray to black, flow banding may be present. Northeastern California  
Burdell Mountain Obsidian   Glassy black with many inclusions including felspar. West central California Tolay Volcanics or the lower Somoma Volcanics
Buzzard Roost Obsidian   Multi-colored Northern California  
Cady Mountain Agate / Jasper
AKA: Wide Valley Agate / Jasper
  Colors of red, white, brown, and yellow.  Yellow dendritic inclusion may occur (moss and flame agate) Southern California  
Cal-Azur Blue Chalcedony   Red rhyolite cortex with a blue chalcedony interior. Central California  
Calico Mountain Agate / Chalcedony / Jasper / Petrified Palm Wood
AKA: Yermo Agate / Palm Root
  Jasper are shades of brown with white veins of quartz. California  
Callahan Obsidian   Homogenous black to a bluish black with no banding present.. Northeastern California  
Camp Irwin Chapinite (Agate)   Brecciated nodular agate with colors of red, yellow, and brown. Southern California  
Canyon View Palm Wood   Agatized black palm wood Central California  
Carnelian
Generic Type
  Translucent and varies in shades from reddish brown to reddish orange. North America Varies
Casa Diablo Obsidian
AKA: See list on page
  Black East central California  
Castle Butte Agate / Jasper / Palm Wood   Colors of yellows, reds, greens, and gray. Central California  
Cave Mountain Jasper / Agate / Chalcedony   Jasper is multicolored, called "rainbow jasper" and the agate is red, chalcedony is grayish blue. Southern California  
Chico Martinez Chert   Range from a light grayish white to a medium gray. West central California Chico Martinez Chert Member of the Monterey Formation
China Lake Plume Agate  
Greenish exterior with brownish plumes forming a high contrast interior with colors of red, yellow, and white.
Central California  
Chuckwalla Chalcedony   Bluish gray Southern California  
Cico Chert Ranges from translucent white to gray or tan to brown.  Less commonly may be a reddish brown or purplish gray. West central California  
Claremont Chert   Ranges from a light brownish white to a a medium brown or medium gray.  West central California  
Clipper Gap Chert Ranges from a light blue or bluish gray to gray. North central California Clipper Gap Formation
Condrey Mountain Quartzite / Chert   Gray recrystallized chert forming a "sugar quartz" Northwestern California Condrey Mountain Formation
Coso Hot Springs Obsidian
AKA: See list on page
  Black Central California Coso Volcanic Field
Cougar Butte Obsidian   Milky gray to black color that is tinged with a splotchy pinkish purple cast with phenocysts inclusions (snowflake obsidian) Northeastern California  
Cow Creek Obsidian
Tuscan Volcanic Group
  Banded gray with reddish brown streaks commonly occurring (mahogany obsidian). Northern California Tuscan Volcanics
Cowshead Lake Obsidian
AKA: Bidwell Mountain Obsidian
    Ranges from black to a black, gray, and purple. Northeastern California  
Crystal Summit Obsidian
(Napa Valley Obsidian)
  Black with banding and gas voids present. East central California Upper member of the Sonoma Volcanics
Dacite
Generic Type
Most commonly a light to dark gray or black Western North America Varies
Davis Creek Obsidian   Range from black to multi-colored. Northeastern California  
Death Valley Agate
AKA: Death Valley Plume, Death Valley Golden, and Wingate Pass Agate
  Red with yellow plumes or red with yellow poppies Southern California  
Death Valley Jasper
AKA: Navajo Blanket Jasper, Indian Paintstone
  colors of red, yellow, tan, and black. Southern California  
Deep Creek Agate / Petrified Wood     Northeastern California  
Del Prat Spring Obsidian   Vitreous black with banding occurring Northeastern California  
Dulzura Jasper   ribbed with colors of red and yellow. Southern California  
Duncan Chert Ranges from a a brownish gray to brown Northwestern California  
Eagle Crags Agate   Range from a blue sagentic agate to a moss agate with a white to clear matrix with dendritic inclusions South central California  
Eagle Peak Agate   Colors of salmon, black, and white. Central California  
Eureka Quartzite
AKA: Standbury Quartzite
  Ranges from dense white dark gray quartzite to a vitreous tan to brown, milky white, pink, purple, or red orthoquartzite. Eastern California Eureka Quartzite Formation
Farmington Chert   Ranges from a most common pale green to a light tannish green. Central California  
Field Siding Agate / Jasper / Palm Wood     Southern California  
Fish Springs Obsidian   Black East central California  
Franciscan Chert Ranges from brown to reddish brown or yellow brown, white to gray, greenish gray to black.  Generally has reddish or greenish hues Western California Franciscan Formation
Franz Valley Obsidian   Ranges from a banded black to a unique greenish brown color or a "battleship" gray color. North central California Upper member of Sonoma Volcanics
Gem Hill Jasper / Agate / Petrified Wood   Iris agate, petrified wood / roots and "very colorful" jasper are also found at this location Southern California  
Glass Mountain Obsidian
AKA: See list
  Ranges from a black to gray with banding commonly present Northeastern California  
Graham Pass Agate   Sagenitic agate Southern California  
Grasshopper Flat Obsidian
AKA: Glittering Mountain, Red Switchback
  Banded milky gray Northeastern California  
Guadalupe Poppy Jasper
AKA: Morgan Hill Jasper
  Ranges from an orangish yellow to a greenish yellow or red with orbs that have a red exterior margin and a white interior. East central California  
Harris Flats Obsidian   Ranges from a bluish gray with reddish brown and black streaking to a translucent black. Northeastern California  
Hornitos Poppy Jasper   Colors of red, orange, and yellow with white orbs East central California  
Horse Canyon Agate   Includes banded, lace, plume, moss, and various other types of agate South central California  
Ingleside Chert Brownish red color, yellows and green may be present May range to a jasper. East central California Ingleside Member (second upper member) of the Franciscan Formation
Jasp-Agate Hill Agate   Produced moss agate, plume agate and jasp-agate South central California  
Jess Valley Obsidian   Black Northeastern California  
Junction Obsidian   Black to pinkish black Northeastern California  
Kelly Mountain Obsidian
AKA: Mosquito Springs Obsidian
  Poor quality black with numerous vesicles and inclusions. Northern California  
Kramer Hills Agate / Petrified Wood   Includes moss and plume agate and has colors of yellow, red, white, and green with inclusions. South central California  
Lake Havasu Agate / Jasper   Ranges from a white to a bluish white with yellowish browns. Southeastern California  
Lassen Creek Obsidian   Ranges from black to black and red, and purple. Northeastern California  
Last Change Canyon Petrified Wood   Shades of browns, tans, white and black with wood grain or rings present. South central California  
Lavic  Agate
AKA: Lavic Lake Agate
  Colors of red, green, brown, and white and includes sagenitic and moss agates, jaspers, agate-jaspers.
South central California  
Lavic  Jasper   Often a brecciated jasper with colors of red, green, brown, and white South central California  
Lead Pipe Springs Chalcedony
AKA: Lead Pipe Springs Agate
  Beautiful sky blue to a royal blue chalcedony commonly with a red rhyolite matrix.  Blue sagenitic and moss agate also occur.  South central California  
Lodgepole Obsidian   Ranges from black to black with reddish brown streaking and large patches (mahogany obsidian). Northeastern California  
Lonely Butte Agate / Jasper   Ranges from white to mottled white with shades of light brown and light blue. Central California  
Lonely Butte Petrified Wood   Shaded of medium to dark brown. Central California  
Los Guilicos Obsidian   Type A ranges from a gray to a greenish gray and lacks any inclusions.  Type B is a greenish color with numerous phenocyctes. West central California Sonoma Volcanics
Lost Iron Wells Obsidian
AKA: Glittering Mountain Obsidian
  Ranges from gray to black with broad banding and streaking present. Northeastern California  
Mammoth Obsidian   Black East central California  
McKittrick Chert   Ranges from a white to a pale grayish white with light streaks of purple. West central California  McKittrick Opalized Shale Formation
Meg's Crown Obsidian
(Napa Valley Obsidian)
  Black with gray banding and swirls present.  In thin sections is a pale gray with dark banding. West central California Upper member of Sonoma Volcanics
Middle Fork Obsidian   Black Northeastern California  
Moit Moss Agate   Translucent golden brown matrix with brownish black dendritic inclusions. Central California Valley Springs Formation
Mono Craters Obsidian   Black East central California  
Mono Glass Mountain Obsidian   Ranges from gray to black with a "woody grain" appearance.  Reddish brown streaking also occurs (mahogany obsidian). East central California  
Monterey Chert   Ranges from a chert to a opalitic cherty shale or chalcedony with colors from a dark brown to a black, may be banded dark brown and a lighter brown West central California Monterey Formation
Montgomery Chert .Black Northern California Montgomery Limestone Formation
Morgan's Well Plume Agate   Black plumes. Southern California  
Mt. Konocti Obsidian   Ranges from a gray to black or brown black and a brick reddish brown. West central California Clear Lake Volcanics
Mule Canyon Agate / Jasp-Agate   Includes sagenitic, moss agates, jasp-agate. Southern California  
Mule Canyon  Palm Root   Colors of brown, cream, white, pink, and red Southern California  
Napa Glass Mountain  Obsidian
(Napa Valley Obsidian)
   Ranges from a black to a pale charcoal gray or a coffee brown with streaking of coffee brown or reddish brown occurring. West central California Upper member of the Sonoma Volcanics
Nipomo Opalite / Agate   Colors of blue, green, and gray ranging from opaque to translucent.  Agates includes sagenitic and moss agates. West central California  
North Cottonwood Flat Obsidian   Ranges from black to a pinkish black Northeastern California  
Obsidian
AKA: Volcanic Glass
  Black to black with bands of dark reds (mahogany obsidian) or white flakes (snowflake obsidian) Western North America Volcanic
Odessa Canyon Sagenite   Yellow, black banded, and picture agate Southern California  
Oil Agate   Translucent brownish matrix with black speck and splotches West central California  
Old Ranch Jasper Agate   Colors of red, white, yellow, and brown South central California  
Opal Mountain Opal / Chalcedony / Moss Agate   Opal occurs colors including peach, white pink, and red, Opal Mountain Chalcedony is clear to light gray. Southern California  
Palo Verde Agate   Includes paisley agates and black agates. Southeastern California  
Panamint Carnelian   Ranges from a deep brownish red to a light reddish brown. East central California  
Paradise Ridge Obsidian
Tuscan Volcanic Group
  Black Northern California Tuscan Volcanics
Pastelite Jasper   Colors of pink, orange, brown, and white Southern California  
Paul Bunyan Agate   Intense red color with branch like inclusions extending into an opaque white chalcedony. Southern California  
Paynes - Inks Creek Obsidian
Tuscan Volcanic Group
  Black Northern California Tuscan Volcanics
Peale Chert Colors of black, gray and red and commonly has red banding and veins of white quartz Northeastern California Peale Formation
Peale Quartzite   Gray Northeastern California Peale Formation
Petrified Wood
Generic Type
    Color based on the minerals present during the process.  It can range from black green to blue yellow, red, and brown , pink and orange, yellow , or white California Varies
Piedra de Lumbre Chert   color is most commonly a yellowish brown to gray but may range from black bright red or white with dark browns and greens being rare.  Southwestern California  
Pink Lady Obsidian   Ranges from black to a iridescent silver sheen to a green sheen or pink sheen. Northeastern California  
Pisgah Crater Agate   Ranges from a banded white to bluish white and brownish yellows.  Banded, moss, and plume agates occur. Southern California  
Plaster City Petrified Wood     Southern California  
Pope Creek Jasper
AKA: Pope Creek Poppy Jasper
  Pope Creek Jasper is green with white and yellow "stringers" and orbs. West central California Knoxville Formation
Potter Valley Jasper   Red West central California  
Prase Chert Greenish gray color Northwestern California  
Providence Petrified Wood   Petrified Sequoia wood occurring in volcanic ash. Southeastern California  

Queen Valley Obsidian
AKA: Fish Lake Valley Obsidian
  Black East central California  
Rainbow Mine Obsidian   Black with a pink translucence with a reddish orange cortex. Northeastern California  
Ransburg Fossilized Palm Root   Gray chalcedony matrix with large irregular eye-like structures and fibers present. South central California  
Red Canyon Agate / Jasper / Petrified Wood   Includes moss and picture agate. South central California  
Red Switchback Obsidian   Colors of black and reddish brown or red. Northeastern California  
Redland Chert White West central California Redland Limestone Formation
Rhyolite   Gray to grayish black, flow banding may be present alternating from light to darker gray North America Volcanic Activity
Robbers Mountain Argillite / Chert   Ranges from a pale pink to pale purplish res, pale yellowish brown, or light gray with red and brown staining by iron oxide. South central California Robbers Mountain Formation
Sacramento Mountains Palm Root     Southeastern California  
Santa Cruz Island Chert Ranges in color from white to gray or a light blond to a dark brown and occasionally bluish in cast. West central California  
Sapphirine Chalcedony   Ranges from a sky blue to a deep blue color with a grape like cluster surface. Southern California  
Sausalito Chert Primarily a brownish red color, but yellow, green, and other colors do occur. West central California Sausalito Chert Formation of the Franciscan Group
Schadler Ditch Obsidian
AKA: Eightmile Creek Obsidian
  Black Northeastern California  
Sheep Spring Moss Agate   White to light blue matrix with black dendritic inclusions.  South Central California  
Siam Agate   Lumpy yellowish brown to pink chalcedony with clear to light blue banded agate stringers.  Jasper also occurs. Southeastern California  
Sonoma Opal   Colors of peach, pink, and yellow. West Central California  
Sonora Pass Agate   Agate breccia or banded agate East central California  
Stone Canyon Jasper   Brecciated with angular pieces of yellow, tan, or brown cemented by contrasting transparent chalcedony of white, blue, purple, or black.. West central California  
Stoney Creek Jasper   Colors of greenish yellow, red, and translucent chalcedony.  Orbs or "poppies" my be present. Northwestern California  
Stonyford Jasper Agate   Colors of greenish yellow, red, and translucent chalcedony. Northern California  
Straw Beds Agate   Nodules or "thunder eggs" with a brownish exterior and a blue to black chalcedony interior. Southeastern California  
Sugar Hill Obsidian
AKA: Sugar Hill Switchback Obsidian
  Only black occurs Northeastern California  
Surveyor Springs Obsidian
AKA: Rock Creek, Twelvemile Canyon Obsidian
  Black and a pinkish black. Northeastern California  
Taylorsville Chert Layers of black chert and masses of red chert Northeastern California Taylorsville Formation
Tick Canyon Agate / Bloodstone   Agate includes a bluish chalcedony West central California  
Tick Canyon Jasper   Jasper includes green jasper and brecciated jasper. West central California  
Trinidad Jasper   Brecciated with shades of red, green and white. Northwestern California  
Trinity Obsidian   Black with minor inclusions.  Phenocysts may appear elongated with banding common. West central California Sonoma Volcanics
Truckee River Basalt
AKA: Boca Reservoir, Martis Creek Basalt
  Ranges from dark gray to black Northeastern California  
Truman Meadows Obsidian
AKA: Truman Canyon Obsidian
  Ranges from a clear to black with reddish brown streaking (mahogany obsidian) to banded black. East central California  
Tuff
AKA: Solidified Volcanic Ash
(Generic type)
  Contains greater than 75 volcanic ash and ranges from white to tan, gray or pink. North America Volcanic activity
Tuledad Agate   Multi-colored agate with colors of green, cream, white, brown, and red ranging to a flame agate. Northeastern California  
Tuqan Monterey Chert Dark banded or mottled with colors of black, brown, and various shades of gray with buff or tan occurring less often.  The cortex ranges from white or buff. West central California Monterey Formation
Tuscan Obsidian (Paradise Ridge)
AKA: Paynes Creek, Inks Creek Obsidian
  Black Northern California  
Upper Ross Creek Obsidian   Black with a pink translucence Northeastern California  
Wall Canyon Jasper   Pink laced jasper. Southern California  
Wall Street Jasper   Colors of red yellow and brown, rarely a greenish yellow. Southern California  
Wiley Well Agate   Includes Moss, Plume, Lace, and banded agates with colors of red, brown, tan, clear, and black. Southeastern California  
Yellowjacket Obsidian   Gray / black banded obsidian with clear streaking Northeastern California