Outline is Representative of Size and Shape:
Lanceolate Form
Stemmed Form
Lanceolate FormStemmed Form Name Details:
Identified By: James Benedict and Byron Olson
Named For: Type Site
Date Identified: 1975
Type Site: Fourth of July Site, Fourth of July Valley, Santana Peak, Colorado
Identified By: James Benedict and Byron Olson
Named For: Type Site
Date Identified: 1975
Type Site: Fourth of July Site, Fourth of July Valley, Santana Peak, Colorado
Point Validity:
Valid type
Benedict was a geologist who specialized glacial geography which brought him into studying cultures which were associated with glaciers. Benedict became a distinguished member of the Center of Mountain Archaeology winning him awards for his involvement. Olson was a distinguished Tribal Archaeologist for the Sioux Tribe on Standing Rock Reservation. This type was named in a professional publication and has many professional references. This is considered a valid type.
Benedict was a geologist who specialized glacial geography which brought him into studying cultures which were associated with glaciers. Benedict became a distinguished member of the Center of Mountain Archaeology winning him awards for his involvement. Olson was a distinguished Tribal Archaeologist for the Sioux Tribe on Standing Rock Reservation. This type was named in a professional publication and has many professional references. This is considered a valid type.
Fourth of July Complex
Cluster: Description of Physical Characteristics and Flaking Pattern:
This is a medium lanceolate point with an elliptical cross section. The blade is excurvate. The shoulders are weak to absent. Then stem, when present, is primarily straight, but may be expanding towards the ears. The base is concaved and may have basal thinning. The flaking pattern may range from oblique transverse to random.
Size Measurements:
Commonly Utilized Material:
Additional Comments:
This type is often confused with James Allen, Pryor Stemmed, and Humboldt points. These may be difficult to distinguish from those points and the key to distinguishing these points may be limited to the altitude in which the point was found and the results of radiocarbon dating which may distinguish the difference between the two types (Des Planques, 2001).
This type represents the form between the Paleo points (James Allen and Pryor Stemmed) and the Middle Archaic types (McKean and Duncan), Benedict (1979) suggest that this type represent ancestor of the Paleo Indian who took anti-thermal refuge on the high peaks, below glaciers on the Rocky mountains.
This type is often confused with James Allen, Pryor Stemmed, and Humboldt points. These may be difficult to distinguish from those points and the key to distinguishing these points may be limited to the altitude in which the point was found and the results of radiocarbon dating which may distinguish the difference between the two types (Des Planques, 2001).
This type represents the form between the Paleo points (James Allen and Pryor Stemmed) and the Middle Archaic types (McKean and Duncan), Benedict (1979) suggest that this type represent ancestor of the Paleo Indian who took anti-thermal refuge on the high peaks, below glaciers on the Rocky mountains.
Distribution:
Distribution Comments:
The Fourth of July Valley is located east west of Denver Colorado. This complex is associated with the higher mountain altitudes of the surrounding regions of Colorado, Wyoming, and into Utah.
The Fourth of July Valley is located east west of Denver Colorado. This complex is associated with the higher mountain altitudes of the surrounding regions of Colorado, Wyoming, and into Utah.
Age / Periods:
Date: 8,000 - 6,000 B.P.
Cultural Period: Early Archaic
Glacial Period: Early Holocene
Culture: Foothills Mountain Paleo Traditions
Date: 8,000 - 6,000 B.P.
Cultural Period: Early Archaic
Glacial Period: Early Holocene
Culture: Foothills Mountain Paleo Traditions
Age Details:
This type is associated with radiocarbon dates of 5,880 +/- 120 and 6,045 +/- 120 based on dating from the Fourth of July site (Benedict, 1979).
This type is associated with radiocarbon dates of 5,880 +/- 120 and 6,045 +/- 120 based on dating from the Fourth of July site (Benedict, 1979).
Other points in this cluster / Related / Associated Points:
Cherry Gulch, Mount Albion, Magic Mountain
Cherry Gulch, Mount Albion, Magic Mountain
