Outline is Representative of Size and Shape:
Name Details:
Identified By: Richard P. Wheeler
Named For:
Date Identified: 1954
Type Site: Duncan, Wyoming
Identified By: Richard P. Wheeler
Named For:
Date Identified: 1954
Type Site: Duncan, Wyoming
Point Validity:
Valid type
Wheeler is a eminent anthropologist who was instrumental in promoting our understanding of Plains archaeology. He conducted extensive studies into Plains archaeology and Canadian archaeology. This type was named in a professional publication and has many professional references. This is considered a valid type.
Wheeler is a eminent anthropologist who was instrumental in promoting our understanding of Plains archaeology. He conducted extensive studies into Plains archaeology and Canadian archaeology. This type was named in a professional publication and has many professional references. This is considered a valid type.
Duncan Stemmed
AKA: McKean ShoulderedCluster: McKean Cluster
Description of Physical Characteristics and Flaking Pattern:
This is a small to medium stemmed lanceolate point with an elliptical or median ridge cross section. The blade has an excurvate shape. The shoulder may range from weak to absent and horizontal to having an upward angle. The stem varies from straight to slightly expanding. The base may vary from slightly concaved to concaved and has rounded basal corners. Basal and lateral hafting edges are commonly ground. This point is manufactured with percussion flaking and finished with pressure flaking forming a collateral to random flaking pattern.
Size Measurements:
Total Length -28 to 59 mm (average 40 to 50 mm). Stem Length - typically 1/4 to 1/3 the total length, Blade Width - 15 to 28 mm, Thickness - 3 to 7 mm
Total Length -28 to 59 mm (average 40 to 50 mm). Stem Length - typically 1/4 to 1/3 the total length, Blade Width - 15 to 28 mm, Thickness - 3 to 7 mm
Commonly Utilized Material:
Local cherts
Local cherts
Additional Comments:
The Duncan point is noted for a straight to upward angled shoulder with a straight to slightly expanding stem. The Hanna point is noted for the barbed shoulder and a expanding stem. It has been thought that the Hanna and Duncan point are the same point and just a continuum of evolution. It has been proposed that this point should be called the Duncan-Hanna (David and Keyser, 1999).
Morrow (2016) notes that there is a "stylistic overlap between some McKean complex point types, such as McKean, Duncan, Yonkee, Hanna, and several unnamed point varieties. Hanna is most easily confused with Yonkee points. Taylor (2006:322) refers to Duncan and Hanna points as McKean Shouldered points."
* Southsider Var. represents continuum between the McKean and Duncan point. This type is commonly typed as a McKean or Duncan depending on the degree of lateral edge restriction. Also called Shouldered McKean.
** The Duncan point is also referred to as Shouldered McKean
The Duncan point is noted for a straight to upward angled shoulder with a straight to slightly expanding stem. The Hanna point is noted for the barbed shoulder and a expanding stem. It has been thought that the Hanna and Duncan point are the same point and just a continuum of evolution. It has been proposed that this point should be called the Duncan-Hanna (David and Keyser, 1999).
Morrow (2016) notes that there is a "stylistic overlap between some McKean complex point types, such as McKean, Duncan, Yonkee, Hanna, and several unnamed point varieties. Hanna is most easily confused with Yonkee points. Taylor (2006:322) refers to Duncan and Hanna points as McKean Shouldered points."
* Southsider Var. represents continuum between the McKean and Duncan point. This type is commonly typed as a McKean or Duncan depending on the degree of lateral edge restriction. Also called Shouldered McKean.
** The Duncan point is also referred to as Shouldered McKean
Distribution:
Distribution Comments:
This point is a plains point that is primarily found on the Northern Plains. It is found most commonly in Saskatchewan and Alberta Canada and into Montana, North and South Dakota, and Wyoming. Frequency decreases into Idaho, Utah, Colorado, and Nebraska. It is rarely found on the Colorado Plateau, and is not found in the Great Basin. Morrow (2016) reports this type as rarely found in Minnesota and Iowa.
This point is a plains point that is primarily found on the Northern Plains. It is found most commonly in Saskatchewan and Alberta Canada and into Montana, North and South Dakota, and Wyoming. Frequency decreases into Idaho, Utah, Colorado, and Nebraska. It is rarely found on the Colorado Plateau, and is not found in the Great Basin. Morrow (2016) reports this type as rarely found in Minnesota and Iowa.
Age / Periods:
Date: 3,700 - 2,500 B.P.
Cultural Period: Middle Archaic to Late Archaic
Glacial Period: Neoglacial
Environmental: Sub-Boreal
Culture:
Date: 3,700 - 2,500 B.P.
Cultural Period: Middle Archaic to Late Archaic
Glacial Period: Neoglacial
Environmental: Sub-Boreal
Culture:
Age Details:
The appearance of Duncan and McKean points mark the onset of the McKean phase (ca. 3000 to 1500 B.C.E.) A number of archaeologists have suggested that Duncan was the predominant point type in the complex between circa 2000 and 1500 B.C.E. (e.g., Reeves 1970a:74; Brumley 1975:72–73). (Morrow, 2016)
The appearance of Duncan and McKean points mark the onset of the McKean phase (ca. 3000 to 1500 B.C.E.) A number of archaeologists have suggested that Duncan was the predominant point type in the complex between circa 2000 and 1500 B.C.E. (e.g., Reeves 1970a:74; Brumley 1975:72–73). (Morrow, 2016)
Other points in this cluster / Related / Associated Points:
Duncan, Hanna, Hanna Northern, Mallory, Yonkee
Duncan, Hanna, Hanna Northern, Mallory, Yonkee
