Materials Identification Guide

Mississippi Lithic Material

 











Name Natural Non-heat treated points Heat treated points Color details Primary found in: Associated Formation / Member
Andesite
Generic Type
    North America Varies
Argillite
(Generic Type)
  Light to dark green, but may range to various shades of gray. North America Varies
Bangor Chert
(Ridge and Valley Chert)
Translucent and banded, ranging in color from black to a dark bluish gray or greenish Northeastern Mississippi Bangor Limestone Formation
Bangor Limestone
AKA: Colbert County Limestone
  Medium gray Northeastern Mississippi Bangor Limestone Formation
Blue Gray Fort Payne Chert   Opaque gray to bluish gray, or black with tan patches.  White fossil specks are usually present Northeastern Mississippi Fort Payne Formation
Brassfield Chert
AKA: Clifton Chert / Agate, Belfast Chert
Artifacts tend to range in color from light greenish to blue or light tans mottled with yellowish red to milky white Northeastern Mississippi Brassfield Formation 
Buffalo River Chert Ranges in color from light to dark tans with orangish, reddish and bluish hues.  May have gray or brownish swirls Northeastern Mississippi Fort Payne Formation
Camden Chert Mottled white to gray, gray to gray blue, pale yellow to olive-yellow or tan.  Vugs, quarts inclusions, streaking generally present Northeastern Mississippi Tuscaloosa Formation
Carnelian
(Generic Type)
  Translucent and varies in shades from reddish brown to reddish orange. North America Varies
Catahoula Orthoquartzite   Range from white to gray, tan, black, green, or almost clear with black angular inclusions giving a "peppered" appearance. East central Mississippi Catahoula Formation
Citronelle Chert
Lafayette Chert variation
AKA: Calcasieu Chert
Great variation and can range form most commonly shades of brown and tan, but may range to white to pink or black.  Western Mississippi Lafayette Gravel Formation
Clayton Chert
(Coastal Chert)
Ranges from yellow to brown, though white may occur. East central Mississippi Clayton Formation of the Midway Group
Cockfield Orthoquartzite   Shades of light gray with spotting of light brown commonly present commonly giving a mottling appearance. Northeastern Mississippi Cockfield Formation, Clairborne Group
Crystal Quartz   clear colorless stone similar to clear glass Eastern North America  
Florence County Fort Payne Chert Ranges in color from dark gray to black and is mottled with lighter translucent light blue Northeastern Mississippi Fort Payne Formation
Fort Payne Chert
AKA: Iuka Chert, Lauderdale Chert
  Ranges in color from black to a grayish blue, or white to a bluish white.  Bluish gray is the predominate color with bluish hues Northeastern Mississippi Fort Payne Formation
Hattiesburg Orthoquartzite   Gray opal cemented quarttztic siltstone or sandstone that may have shades of light brown or tan giving a mottled appearance.  Eastern Mississippi Hattiesburg Formation
Horse Creek Chert
Tuscaloosa variation
AKA: Pickwick Chert and Lost Quarry Chert
Banded with the band colors ranging from black to medium gray (outer band), yellow tan to pale yellow (next band), pink to reddish or brick red (center). Northern Mississippi Tuscaloosa Formation
Kosciusko Quartzite   Ranges from gray to a whitish gray or whitish brown.  Mottling or light reddish iron staining may be present. Central Mississippi Kosciusko Formation
Lafayette Gravel Chert Most commonly ranges from brown to tan, greyish tan, yellowish tan, or cream, less common white and black occur. Western Mississippi Lafayette Gravel Formation
Lafayette Quartzite     Western Mississippi Lafayette Gravel Formation
Marianne Chert
AKA: Mint Springs Marl
Ranges from a white to cream color Southern Mississippi Mint Springs Marl Member of the Marianna Limestone Formation, Vicksburg Group
Mill Creek Chert Vary from white to gray, grayish brown, orange white to orange gray, or pale blue to black.  Concentric banding may be present Northern Mississippi Salem / Ullim Limestone Formation
Orthoquartzite
(Generic Type)
  Ranges from white to tan, red green, brown, or black. North America Varies
Palmwood
AKA: Petrified Palmwood
  Ranges from white to yellowish white or cream with specks or streaks of brown to yellowish brown.
Southwestern Mississippi Catahoula Formation
Petrified Wood
AKA: Agatized Wood, Opalized Wood
  Vary in color based on the minerals present during the process North America Varies
Piedmont Gravel Quartz
  Ranges from bright white to light gray, tan, brown, pink, or red. Northeastern Mississippi  
Quartz
AKA: Vein Quartz
  Milky white with thin veins
North America Varies
Quartzite
(Generic Type)
  Varies from white to gray, or pink and tan in color North America Varies
Rhyolite
(Generic Type)
  Gray to grayish black, flow banding may be present alternating from light to darker gray North America Varies
Tallahatta Chert
AKA: Tallahatta Chert, Alabama Agate
  Glossy multicolored chert that may vary from red to amber, yellow, and blue. Southeastern Mississippi Tallahatta Formation, Clairborne Group
Tallahatta Quartz
AKA: Tallahatta Sandstone, Snowflake Quartzite
  Light gray arenite with white specks giving a snowflake appearance. Southeastern Mississippi Tallahatta Formation, Clairborne Group
Tuff
AKA: Solidified Volcanic Ash
  Contains greater than 75 volcanic ash and ranges from white to tan, gray or pink. North America Volcanic activity
Tupelo Fort Payne Chert Light beige to light tan with light gray mottling and may have banding.  It has a creamy appearance Northeastern Mississippi Fort Payne formation
Tuscaloosa Chert
AKA: Red / Yellow Jasper
Ranges in color from white, tan, yellowish tan to yellow or brown, and red.  Mottling is not present Northeastern Mississippi Tuscaloosa Gravel Formation
Tuscumbia Chert
AKA: Carmack Chert
  Ranges from light to dark gray Northeastern Mississippi Tuscumbia Limestone Formation